Non pathological6/18/2023 ![]() Some of these same nonpathogenic microorganisms have the potential to cause disease, or being pathogenic, if they enter the body, multiply and cause symptoms of infection. Some nonpathogenic microorganisms are commensals on and inside the body of animals and are called microbiota. It can describe the presence of non-disease causing bacteria that normally reside on the surface of vertebrates and invertebrates as commensals. It describes a property of a bacterium – its inability to cause disease. The term is usually used to describe bacteria. Nonpathogenic organisms are those that do not cause disease, harm or death to another organism. The mechanism of distinguishing between harmless and harmful bacteria on the molecular as well as on physiological levels is not completely understood. On the other hand, representatives of standard microbiota cause only weak signaling preventing the inflammation. These cytokines induce the chemotaxis to the site of infection in its target cells (e.g., neutrophils, dendritic cells and macrophages). This results mainly in IL-1, IL-6 and IL-8 production. aeruginosa) has activated particular pattern recognition receptors on/in epithelial cells, the proinflammatory signaling pathways are activated. ![]() The key transmitters of the signals are dendritic cells. ![]() Moreover, epithelial calls can deliver the signals into the underlying tissues taking part in the mechanisms of innate and adaptive immune defence. Airway epithelium has complex structure: consists of at least seven diverse cell types interacting with each other by means of tight junctions. Mechanisms underlying the inflammation in COPD.
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